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Forum Studenti •Integrali parametrici
Pagina 1 di 1

Integrali parametrici

Inviato: lunedì 17 settembre 2012, 12:15
da Noisemaker
Determinare i valori di [tex]\alpha\in \mathbb{R}[/tex] per i quali risulta convergente il seguente integrale improprio.

[tex]\displaystyle\int_{0}^{1}\,\, \frac{1}{x(-\ln^{\alpha}x)+x^2(1-x^2)^{\frac{1}{3}}} \,\,dx[/tex]

La funzione integranda è definita per [tex]x>0, x\not=1,[/tex] e risulta positiva per ogni [tex]x>1;[/tex] l'integrale presenta due singolarità nell'intervallo [tex](0,1).[/tex] Considerando il comportamento asintotico, si ha;

[tex]x\to0:[/tex]

[tex]\displaystyle\frac{1}{x(-\ln^{\alpha}x)+x^2(1-x^2)^{\frac{1}{3}}}\sim[/tex][tex]\displaystyle\frac{1}{x(-\ln^{\alpha}x)+x^2}=\frac{1}{x \ln^{\alpha} \frac{1}{x} }\quad\mbox{essendo}[/tex] [tex]\quad\displaystyle-\ln^{\alpha}x=\ln^{\alpha} 1-\ln^{\alpha}x= \ln^{\alpha} \frac{1}{x}[/tex]

[tex]\displaystyle t\to+\infty: \frac{t}{ \ln^{\alpha}t }=\frac{1}{ t^{-1}\ln^{\alpha}t }\to \text{converge se}\,\,\,\alpha>1[/tex]


[tex]x\to1^-:[/tex]

[tex]\displaystyle \frac{1}{x(-\ln^{\alpha}x)+x^2(1-x^2)^{\frac{1}{3}}}\sim[/tex] [tex]\displaystyle\frac{1}{ (-\ln^{\alpha}x)+ (1-x^2)^{\frac{1}{3}}}\sim\displaystyle \frac{1}{ [- (x-1)]^{\alpha}+ (1-x )^{\frac{1}{3}}(1+x )^{\frac{1}{3}}}[/tex] [tex]\displaystyle =\frac{1}{(1-x)^{\alpha}+ (1-x )^{\frac{1}{3}} }[/tex]

[tex]\displaystyle =\begin{cases} \frac{1}{(1-x )^{\frac{1}{3}}\left((1-x)^{\alpha-\frac{1}{3}}+ 1 \right)}\sim\frac{1}{(1-x )^{\frac{1}{3}} }, & \mbox{se }\alpha>\frac{1}{3} \to \text{converge}\\ \frac{1}{(1-x )^{\alpha}\left((1-x)^{\frac{1}{3}-\alpha }+ 1 \right)}\sim\frac{1}{(1-x )^{\alpha} }, & \mbox{se }\alpha<\frac{1}{3}\to \text{converge se}\,\,\,\alpha>1
\end{cases}[/tex]

Si conclude quindi che l'integrale converge se [tex]\alpha>1[/tex]

Determinare i valori di [tex]\beta\in \mathbb{R}[/tex] per i quali risulta convergente il seguente integrale improprio:

[tex]\displaystyle\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}\,\, \frac{e^{ \beta|x|}}{x^2+\beta x+1} \,\,dx[/tex]

Affinchè la funzione integranda abbia senso, deve essere diverso da zero il denominatore, e dunque:

[tex]\displaystyle x^2+\beta x+1\not=0 \to \frac{-\beta\pm\sqrt{\beta^2-4}}{2} \to \beta^2-4<0 \to -2<\beta<2[/tex]


dunque per i valori di [tex]-2<\beta<2,[/tex] la funzione integranda risulta definita positiva in tutto [tex]\mathbb{R};[/tex] l'integrale presenta singolarità a [tex]\pm \infty,[/tex] e dunqne considerando il comportamento asintotico, si ha:

[tex]x\to+\infty:[/tex]

[tex]\displaystyle \frac{e^{ \beta|x|}}{x^2+\beta x+1}=\frac{e^{ \beta x }}{x^2+\beta x+1}\sim[/tex] [tex]\displaystyle \frac{e^{ \beta x }}{x^2 }=\frac{1}{e^{ -\beta x }x^2 }\to \beta<0 \to \text{converge se}\,\,\,-2<\beta<0[/tex]

[tex]x\to-\infty:[/tex]

[tex]\displaystyle\frac{e^{ \beta|x|}}{x^2+\beta x+1}=\frac{e^{ \beta x }}{x^2+\beta x+1} \sim[/tex] [tex]\displaystyle\frac{1}{e^{-\beta x } x^2 }\to \beta <0 \to \text{converge se}\,\,\,-2<\beta<0[/tex]


Considerando il caso [tex]\beta=0,[/tex] l'integrale diviene:

[tex]\displaystyle\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}\,\, \frac{1}{x^2+1} \,\,dx=2\int_{0}^{+\infty}\,\, \frac{1}{x^2+1} \,\,dx<[/tex] [tex]\displaystyle2\int_{0}^{+\infty}\,\, \frac{1}{x^2} \,\,dx\to \text{converge}[/tex]

Si conclude quindi che l'integrale converge per [tex]-2<\beta\le0[/tex]