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Forum Studenti •Dubbio su serie di taylor - Pagina 2
Pagina 2 di 2

Re: Dubbio su serie di taylor

Inviato: lunedì 9 giugno 2014, 23:33
da Massimo Gobbino

Re: Dubbio su serie di taylor

Inviato: martedì 10 giugno 2014, 21:51
da francicko
Eppure in qualche testo di analisi credo di aver letto una dimostrazione dello sviluppo in serie di Taylor, che fa uso solo del teorema di Rolle, appena la trovo la posto , cosi si puo discutere sulla sua validità o meno.
In effetti se uno osserva come evolve lo sviluppo in serie di una generica funzione indefinitivamente derivabile, nell'intervallo [tex][x_0,x][/tex] [tex]f(x)=f(x_0)+(x-x_o)f^1(x)+((x-x_0)^2/2)f^2(x_0)[/tex] [tex]+....+((x-x_0)^n/n!)f^n(c)[/tex] con [tex]x_0<c<x[/tex], potrebbe vedere benissimo la serie come estensione del teorema di lagrange, l'ultimo termine [tex]((x-x_0)^n/n!)f^n(c_n)[/tex] si dovrebbe poter scindere se non erro in ,[tex]((x-x_0)^/n!)f^n(x_0)+((x-x_0)^(n+1)/(n+1)!)f^(n+1)c_(n+1)[/tex], pertanto sembrerebbe un iterazione del teorema di lagrange, in verità però se si cerca di dimostrare tale formula iterando lagrange non si riesce.

Re: Dubbio su serie di taylor

Inviato: venerdì 13 giugno 2014, 22:14
da francicko
Scusate ma non riesco a scrivere correttamente f^(n+1), qual'è il codice?
Io nella tastiera del computer non ho le parentesi graffe.

Re: Dubbio su serie di taylor

Inviato: sabato 14 giugno 2014, 10:03
da Massimo Gobbino

Re: Dubbio su serie di taylor

Inviato: domenica 15 giugno 2014, 21:49
da francicko
Ok, trovato, grazie!
Riporto una dimostrazione tratta da un libro di analisi, che fa uso solamente del teorema di Rolle, nella dimostrazione della formula di Taylor con resto di lagrange.
Sia f(x) definita in un intervallo I=]a,b[ e sia x_0 appartenente ad I. Supponiamo che per ogni x appartenente ad I esista la derivata di ordine n di f(x) continua e che in tutti i punti di I-{x_0} esista la derivata di ordine (n+1) di f(x). Se per ogni h tale che x__0+h appartenente ad I poniamo:
[tex]R_n=f(x_0+h)-(f(x_0)+hf^1(x_0)+(h^2/2)f^2(x_0)+[/tex]......[tex]+(h^n/n!)f^n(x_0))[/tex],
allora esiste almeno un punto c appartenente ad ]x-0,x_0+h[ se h>0( oppure c appartenente ad ]x_0+h,x_0[ se h<0) tale che :
[tex]R_n=(h^{n+1}/(n+1)!)f^{n+1}(c)[/tex].
Supponiamo dapprima h>0.
Posto [tex]q(h)=R_n(h)/h^{n+1}[/tex] sostituendo otteniamo:
[tex]f(x_0+h)-f(x_0)-hf^1(x_0)-[/tex]......[tex]-(h^n/n!)f^n(x_0)-h^{n+1}q(h)=0[/tex].
Consideriamo la funzione [tex]K(x)=[/tex][tex]f(x_0+h)-f(x)-((x_0+h-x)/1)f^1(x)[/tex][tex]-((x_0+h-x)^2/2!)f^2(x)[/tex]........[tex]-((x_0+h-x)^n/n!)f^n(x)-(x_0+h-x)^{n+1}q(h)[/tex].
Dalle ipotesi discende che f(x) ammatte derivate continue fino all'ordine n in ]a,b[; pertanto la funzione [tex]K(x)[/tex] è continua nell'intervallo [x_0, x_o+h].
Inoltre essa si annulla negli estremi di tale intervallo, come si vede facilmente da una verifica immediata. Essa inoltre è derivabile, per le ipotesi fatte su f(x), in ogni punto x dell'intervallo [x_0,x_0+h]. Derivando la funzione [tex]K(x)[/tex] si deduce :
[tex]K^1(x)=-((x_0+h-x)^n/n!)f^{n+1}(x)+(n+1)(x_0+h-x)^nq(h).[/tex]
E' pertanto possibile applicare alla funzione [tex]K(x)[/tex] il teorema di Rolle;
Si conclude che esiste almeno un punto c dell'intervallo ]x_0,x_0+h[ in cui risulta [tex]K^1(x)=0[/tex] e da qui si ricava
[tex]q(h)=(1/(n+1)!)f^{n+1}(c)[/tex] ed infine [tex]R_n(h)=(h^{n+1}/(n+1)!)f^{n+1}(c)[/tex].
Spero di averla trascritta correttamente, e resto in attesa di una risposta.
Saluti!

Re: Dubbio su serie di taylor

Inviato: lunedì 16 giugno 2014, 22:01
da francicko
Se la dimostrazione spra riportata risultasse vera, potrei dedurre il teorema di De l'Hopital dallo sviluppo in serie di taylor , senza così facendo ricorrere necessariamente al teorema di Cauchy?